Honduras: Abeddel n Manuel Zelaya

Sγur Luis Hernandez Navarro (12 Yulyu 2009)

Manuel ”Mel” Zelaya yekka i snat n lmitrat deg lqedd, cclaγem-nnes d iberkanen, ccuṛen, yettlusu arazal (chapeau) d ahrawan ed yibuzegen (bottes) n yikubuyen. Zelaya d memmi-s n twacult ay ikesben akal, yeḍfer tizrawin (études) deg tijjenyeṛt n lebni, maca ur tent-ifuk. Qbel ad iger iman-nnes γer tsertit, yekka kra n lweqt yesnuzuy asγar n lebni, yerna yesεa lfirma. Tanezzut-nni-nnes (commerce) terbeḥ. Deg 1987, yeqqel d anemhal n COHEP (Aseqqamu Ahondurasi n Teṛmisin Tusligin [sociétés privées]), am wakk-n ay yeqqel, daγen, d aselway n tiddukla n yemsenza n wesγar.

Manuel Zelaya (deg tlemmast), gar Raul Castro (Cuba - γef uzelmaḍ)

akked Hugo Chavez (Venezuela - γef uyeffus)

Deg 1970, Mel yekcem γer Ukabar Alellam (libéral) n Honduras (PLH). Akabar-a yettwassen seg zik s tikli-nnes mgal n tesdukla (communisme). Zelaya yettwafren acḥal n tikkal deg wemni (parlement), yerna s way-a, yufa abrid ad yeqdec deg waṭas n yimukan n leqdic n Uwanak (ddula). Akabar Alellam n Honduras akked Ukabar Aγelnaw n Honduras (PNH) d nitni ay d sin n yikabaren imeqranen akk gar xemsa n yikabaren-nni ay tesεa tmurt-a. D acu kan, deg way-n yerzan leḥkem, ur yelli wemgerrad ameqran gar sin-a n yikabaren. ”Taγawsa tawḥidt ay ten-yessemgerraden”, akk-n ay d-yenna yiwen n ugensas (représentant) n yiqeddacen, ”nettat d initen (llwan) n tekbabin-nsen (tiεellamin): yiwen seg-sen takbabt-nnes d taẓerwalt (bleue), ma d wayeḍ, takbabt-nnes yella deg-s uzewwaγ ed umellal”.

Deg 2006, Manuel Zelaya yeqqel d aselway n Honduras. Deg lḥemla-nnes, iqeddem-d iman-nnes d argaz n tmurt yeṭṭfen deg tirrugza, yessawal srid, ur yeddukkel ed trebbaε-nni tisertiyin tiqburin n tmurt, yettagad Ṛebbi, iεewwel ad yennaγ s ljehd mgal uggufsu (corruption), yessawal tidet, iḥemmel ad iwet tagiṭart ed ad yerkeb iysan (iεudiwen), am wakk-n ay d-yenna yewjed ad yejj aγref (cceεb) ad yettekki deg tugdut (s webrid n tsekbabin [pétitions]), yewjed ad yeg tisemmeskal (réformes) tisertiyin, yerna yesteεṛef s udabu n weγref.

Asmi ay yeqqel d aselway, yedda ed ṛṛay-nni n ussebded n Wemtawa n Wembaddel Ilelli (Traité de Libre Echange) ay d-yellan gar Tegduda Taduminikit, timura n Temrikt Talemmast [gar-asent Honduras] akked Yiwunak Yeddukklen (γγaren-as CAFTA s tanglizit), γas akk-n llant-d tmeskanin (timesbaniyin) timeqranin mgal way-a. D acu kan, cwiṭ, cwiṭ, Zelaya yebda yettqerrib γer Hugo Chavez yerna yekcem deg terbaεt n tmura n Petrocaribe, d timura n tama n Yilel (lebḥeṛ) n Kaṛayib ay igan agatu (contrat) akked Venezuela i wakk-n taneggarut-a ad asen-tesnuzuy apitṛul s wazal rxisen. Dγa deg 90 n wussan imezwura, ad ttxelliṣ̣en kan 50% seg wazal n upitṛul avenezueli, sakk-in, mi tfuk tallit-nni, ad qqimen 25 n yiseggasen ad ttxelliṣ̣en cwiṭ, cwiṭ ay-n ay d-yeqqimen, ed ad rnun lfayda n 1%. 

Simal ittekk lweqt, simal irennu yettqerrib Zelaya γer tlellamt tnemlayt (libéralisme socialiste) (”i wakk-n akk lfayda n unagraw [système] ad tettunekf i wid ay tt-yeḥwajen ugar: tisednan, irgazen, igerdan, ifellaḥen, wid ay d-yettfarasen [produire]). Yeqqel daγen yekkat-d deg tigrin ay ggaren Yiwunak Yeddukklen iman-nsen deg tγawsiwin n daxel n tmura niḍen, yedda akked Cuba yerna yessawal aṭas γef Ṛebbi.

Zelaya yella yeḥkem yiwet n tmurt d tigellilt aṭas, ggten deg-s wuguren imettiyen (sociaux), anabaḍ-nnes (lḥukuma) ur yesεi idrimen, yerna yella yesεa uguren d imeqranen akk-n ad yerḍel idrimen seg beṛṛa. D ay-a ay yejjan Zelaya ad yessekcem tamurt-nnes γer Temlellit Tabolivarit i Temrikin ed Kaṛayib (Alternative Bolovarienne pour les Amériques et les Caraïbe – ALBA), d tarbaεt ara iqeddcen i lmend n wesdukkel n tdamsa (économie) n tmura n Temrikt Talatinit akked Kaṛayib, yerna d Venezuela akked Cuba ay d timezwura ay d-iḍebbren i wesnulfu-nnes. ALBA tettnaγ daγen mgal n tleqqi (pauvreté) akked weḥram n wid ixuṣ̣ṣ̣en seg lxir n tmurt. Ay-a yejja Zelaya, γef leḥsab n Pavel Uranga, ad yezmer ad d-iḍebber idrimen n tallalt (lemεawna) akk-n ad yefru uguren n tmurt-nnes.

Zelaya yebda ijebbed iman-nnes γef tuligaṛkit (oligarchie), yerna ay-a yuwey-as-d uguren ula akked yimussa iγerfanen (mouvements populaires) n Honduras. Γef leḥsab n Lorenzo Reyes, ay yettekkan deg yimenγi imetti (lutte sociale), am netta, am umur ameqran seg yimeddukal-nnes, ur kfin azal ameqran i wussan-nni anda ay yella Zelaya irezzu γef Nicaragua akked tmura niḍen, wala i wasmi ay yella Zelaya yettemcawaṛ ed Chavez neγ ed yemḍebbren izelmaḍen niḍen, imi ay llan ẓran, deg tgara, itteg ay-a akk-n kan ad yessukk lweqt neγ ad yesteεfu deg kra n tmurt n beṛṛa, yerna, ur yelli itteddu akk-n ad ibeddel tasnakta-nnes (idéologie) n uyeffus. ”Ama γer medden, ama γer-neγ nekni, s yisem-nneγ d amussu aγerfan (mouvement populaire), ay-a [timliliyin yella itteg Zelaya akked yiselwayen izelmaḍen] ur yelli yesεa azal ameqran imi, deg Honduras, argaz-a ur d-yesbeyyen iman-nnes d acu-t: yiwen wass ad yesseqdec awal n wayt uyeffus, azekka-nni, ad t-tafeḍ imal cwiṭ γer uzelmaḍ, yebded deg sin n yimukan γef tikkelt ... anamek-nnes (lmeεna), ur yelli deg uyeffus wala deg uzelmaḍ”.

Acḥal n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ay tennerna tezmert n umussu aγerfan (mouvement populaire) ed yemḍebbren-nnes deg Honduras. Amussu-a llan deg-s yenmula (syndicats) ay yettwabnan γef tserkmin (classes), tuddsiwin (organisations) n yifellaḥen, iγerfan iserwen (peuples autochtones), tiddukliwin n yisadaren (professionnels) ed yinelmaden. Tirebbaε-a akk banent-d tagara-a s leqdic n trebbaε n tesnasγant n weslelli (théologie de la libération) akked tid n uzelmaḍ agrawal (gauche révolutionnaire) ay yeddukklen yerna gant-d tirebbaε timeqranin ijehden am Bloque Popular (Iḥder Aγerfan). Deg 32-nni n wayyuren imezwura n udabu-nnes, Zelaya iqubel 722 n tlufa timettiyin (conflits sociaux), ama d timeqranen neγ d timecṭuḥin, gar-asent isundiden-nni (grèves) imeqranen ay d-yellan deg 2008 yerna skerfen tamurt, d tid ay d-yellan γef ljal n leγla n tuccit, am wakk-n ay ssuttren, daγen, ur d tiγiwanin (communes) ara d-yelhun s ussiweḍ n waman n tissit γer yexxamen [imi ay-a yegla-d s wuguren] akked tmerniwt n weγrud adday (salaire minimal).

Amussu-a ur yettnaγ i wakk-n kan ad as-d-yettunekf way-n yessuttur deg wussan-a, wanag yesεa tamuγli γer lbeεd, imi ay yekkat i lmend n ubeddel imetti (social) alqayan. Rafael Alegria, ay d-yelhan ed usseddu n lecγal n Via Campesina Centroamericana (Abrid n Yifellaḥen n Temrikt Talemmast) yenna-d: ”imussa imettiyen (mouvements sociaux) ttalasen ad d-sbedden asmizwer (ordre) amaynut n lqanun ara iqedcen i nnfeε n yeḥricen imettiyen (secteurs sociaux) n tmurt, d iḥricen ay rran deg rrif seg zik, yerna ttwaḥeqren. S way-a, nekni nebγa ad d-tili tsefrent taγerfant (référendum populaire). Tamenḍawt (constitution) tamaynut ad teqqel d llsas amaynut n Uwanak (ddula), yerna ad yekf akk adabu i weγref, d netta ara yeqqlen d agellid n tmurt”.

Amussu-a yegla-d s ubeddel ameqran seg swadda, yerna yessers tamurt deg yiwet n tegnit ur yebni fell-as yiwen. Wid ay yettekkan deg-s d nitni ay yeffγen s izenqan akk-n ad ḥudden aselway-nsen [Zelaya, ay yettwakksen s tuttya taserdasit], d aselway ay ifernen ad yaγ abrid n ubeddel imetti (social). S umata, abeddel n Zelaya yekka-d seg lḥeṛs ay t-yeḥṛes weγref deg tegnit-a anda ula d timura n tama-a ttbeddilent. Deg Honduras, ay deg sin-nni n yikabaren imeqranen n tmurt mgerraden kan s yiniten (llwan) n yiluguten-nsen, tuddsiwin tiγerfanin (organisations populaires) qedcent i wakk-n ad bnunt tamurt yemgerraden s tidet γef wakk-n tella zik: d tin ara yejjen abrid n tnaylellamt (néolibéralisme). Mi llan qeddcen i lmend n way-a, ssawḍen ad rren aselway-nsen d argaz yemgerraden γef wakk-n yella asmi ay d-yuli s adabu.

Sγur Luis Hernandez Navarro

Tasuqilt sγur Omar Mouffok

Taγbalut (source): http://www.tlaxcala.es/pp.asp?reference=8128&lg=en

Γer daγen:

Honduras: Billy Joya d aneṣ̣ṣ̣aḥ amaynut n uselway n tuttya taserdasit

Ddur n IRI deg tuttya taserdasit deg Honduras

Honduras: asadur aserdasi n Soto Cano

Rzu daγen γef: Taskint n Tlaxcala