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Ddur' n IRI deg tuttya taserdasit deg Honduras

Page history last edited by takelsertit 14 years, 3 months ago

Dduṛ n IRI deg tuttya taserdasit* ay d-yellan deg Honduras

*coup d’Etat militaire

Sγur Eva Golinger (6 Yulyu 2009)

International Republican Institute (IRI, [d aḥric seg NED]) acḥal n wayyuren ay-a seg wasmi ara yessawal γef ”tuttya” deg Honduras.

International Republican Institute ttwalin-t kra d afurk seg Ukabar Agdudan (Parti Républicain) n Yiwunak Yeddukklen, yerna d yiwen seg ṛebεa-nni n ”trebbaε tilemmasin” n National Endowment for Democracy (NED). Aneggaru-a d yiwet n tsebdadt (fondation) tamarikanit, idrimen-nnes ttekken-as-d seg Congress. Γef wakk-n nettwali, IRI yella yeẓra ad d-tili tuttya deg Honduras, ay deg ara yettwakkes uselway Zelaya. IRI yettwassen s dduṛ-nnes deg tuttya taserdasit ay d-yellan deg 2002 mgal n uselway n Venezuela, Hugo Chavez. Seg tama niḍen, d IRI, daγen, ay yekfan idrimen ed nnaṣ̣ayeḥ i trebbaε timeqranin ay yettekkan deg ussuffeγ n uselway Jean Bertrand Artistide seg udabu deg Haiti, deg 2004. Ama deg Venezuela neγ deg Haiti, IRI yekfa idrimen neγ/yerna yessγer ikabaren ed trebbaε-nni tisertiyin ay yettekkan deg tuttyiwin-a tinekraḍin (violentes) n yiselwayen ay yettwafernen s webrid n tugdut (démocratie).

Sdeffir ma tella-d tuttya taserdasit n 2002, deg Venezuela, aselway n IRI deg tallit-nni, George Folsom yessuffeγ-d yiwen n welγu n tγemsa (communiqué de presse) ay deg d-yenna ”IRI yella-d d tiqenṭert gar yikabaren isertiyen n tmurt [n Venezuela], yerna akk tirebbaε n tmetti taγarimt (société civile) la qeddcen akk-n ad d-meslen azekka n tugdut deg tmurt-nsen...”. Kra n tsaεtin sakk-in, tuttya-nni taserdasit ur tecci, yerna aγref (cceεb) n Venezuela yessukkes-d aselway-nnes (ay yettwakren yerna yettwaḥbes deg yiwen n usadur aserdasi [base militaire]), yerna yerra-d adabu n tmenḍawt (constitution) γer tmurt. Ma d IRI, yendem γef lfeṛḥ-nni ay yefṛeḥ qbel lawan. National Endowment for Democracy (NED), yiwet seg trebbaε timeqranin ay yettakfen idrimen i IRI, yerfa imi IRI yekcef-d i wegdud tukci ay kfan Yiwunak Yeddukklen idrimen i wakk-n ad εawnen imḍebbren n tuttya taserdasit deg Venezuela. Aselway n NED, Carl Gershman, seg wakk-n yerfa γef tuccḍa ay iga IRI, arma ay yuzen tabṛat i Folsom ay deg yezzem fell-as: ”Aṛeḥḥeb [s tuttya-nni taserdasit] war aḥezzeb d ay-n ay yekkan ad tegreḍ IRI deg tsertit irewyen n Venezuela”. Gershman, lemmer d ay yufi, ad yejj dduṛ n NED akked IRI, deg uheyyi ed uεiwen n tuttya taserdasit mgal Chavez, d tamsalt yeffren.

John McCain (aselway n IRI, seg Ukabar agdudan [républicain]

ay yettekkan deg tefranin n tselwit deg Yiwunak Yeddukklen, mgal n Barack Obama)

Aselway n IRI, ass-a, d asinatur John McCain. Asudu-a (institut) yennulfa-d deg 1983, seddaw n udabu n Ronald Reagan, yerna d aḥric seg National Endowment for Democracy ay yekkaten i lmend n ”wesnerni n tugdut deg umaḍal”. Deg tidet, yiwen seg wid yettekkan deg ussebded n NED, Allen Weinstein, deg yiwet n tdiwennit ay iga deg Washington Post, deg 1991, yenna-d γef lecγal n tsebdadt-a (fondation): ”Amur ameqran seg way-n la ntteg ass-a [deg NED] d CIA ay yellan tetteg-it s tuffra 25 n yiseggasen ay-a”. IRI s timmad-nnes, deg udeg-nnes (www.iri.org), yenna-d sbedden-t-id i wakk-n ad yeqdec deg Temrikt Talatinit, asmi ay yebda Congress iḥeṛṛes Reagan yerna yettεassa-t i wakk-n ad yeḥbes aεiwen n trebbaε timsellḥin, tisnarafin (dictatures) ed trebbaε n tmattant deg Temrikt Talemmast ed Temrikt n Wenẓul, d tid ay llan naqal Yiwunak Yeddukklen ttεawanen-tent i wakk-n ad d-sbeddent inabaḍen (lḥukumat) ara yilin d imeddukal n Marikan yerna ad meḥqen imussa (mouvements) izelmaḍen. Ihi, deg 1983, ”Congress yeqbel ṛṛay n Reagan, yerna yessebded-d National Endowment for Democracy i wakk-n ad iεawen wid yebγan ad snernin tugdut deg wakk timiwa n umaḍal. Tasebdadt-a (fondation) tesεa ṛebεa n yisuda (instituts) ay yettgen leqdic iwizi yerna ur ddin akked kra n ukabar, yerna d nitni ay iqeddcen deg wenrar i lmend n ussuffeγ n yeswan (buts) n NED γer tidet: amezwaru d IRI, wis sin d National Democratic Institute for International Affairs (NDI), wis tlata d Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE), ma d wis ṛebεa d American Center for International Labor Solidarity (ACILS). ”Deg yiseggasen-nnes imezwura, IRI yeqdec ladγa i wakk-n ad yezreε tugdut deg Temrikt Talatinit. Seg wasmi ay ifuk Wemgaru (ṭṭrad) Asemmaḍ, IRI yessemγer anrar n leqdic-nnes i wakk-n ad yeqqel d tasebdadt ay yettεawanen tugdut ed tlelli deg wakk timiwa n umaḍal. IRI yelha-d s wahilen (programmes) deg wugar n 100 n tmura”.

Deg wussan-nnes imezwura, IRI, akked trebbaε-nni niḍen n NED ay yettekkayen deg tuttyiwin tiserdasiyin, kfan idrimen i tuddsiwin (organisations) deg Nicaragua i wakk-n ad d-snekren ad cewwlen anabaḍ (lḥukuma) n Yisandiniyen. Jeremy Bigwood, d aneγmas, yessefhem-d aḥric seg dduṛ-a deg umagrad-nnes ”No Strings Attached?”, ”Mi ara terr NED deg yidis awal-nni-nnes aẓidan γef tugdut, tetteqqal d allal iẓewren deg way-n yerzan assekcem n yiqeddacen-nnes deg tmetti taγarimt (société civile) n tmura niḍen, i wakk-n ad tessiweḍ γer yeswan n Yiwunak Yeddukklen, γef wakk-n ay d-yenna William Robinson deg wedlis-nnes (d aselmad deg tesdawit n California, Santa Barbara). Wa d tiḥilet taciṭanit. Robinson yella deg Nicaragua deg tgara n yiseggasen n 1980 yerna iwala amek ara tqeddec NED akked tenmegla (opposition) tanicaragwit ay tettεawan Marikan, i wakk-n ad sseγlin Isandiniyen izelmaḍen deg tefranin n 1990”.

Ass-a, llan wanzaten (preuves) ed teftarin (documents) ay d-yesskanayen attekki n IRI deg tuttya taserdasit n 2002 deg Venezuela. Lqanun amarikani n Tlelli n Usselγu (Freedom of Information) d netta ay iledyen tawwurt i wakk-n ad nezmer ad d-nessekfel anzaten n uttekki-a, yerna s way-a, nezmer ad nẓer amek ay yekfa IRI idrimen, yenṣ̣eḥ yerna yessγer ikabaren n tenmegla (opposition) deg Venezuela i wakk-n ad gen tuttya-nni. Tzemrem ad tafem ugar n yisalan, daγen, deg wedlis-inu (The Chávez Code: Cracking U.S. Intervention in Venezuela (Olive Branch Press 2006). Nnig way-a, IRI ed NED werjin nekṛen ula d yiwen n wanza seg wid-nni ay d-ikecfen dduṛ n IRI deg tuttya taserdasit n Venezuela deg Yebrir 2002, imi anzaten-a akk kkan-d seg teftarin n IRI ed NED s timmad-nsen, yerna tiftarin-a nesεa azref ad ten-nγer s yisem n lqanun n Freedom of Information.

S way-a, asmi ay d-tella tuttya taserdasit deg Honduras i lmend n usseγli n uselway Manuel Zelaya, ay yettwafernen s webrid n tugdut, ur yelli ccek γef uttekki n Yiwunak Yeddukklen deg temsalt-a. Melmi kan, NED yekfa 700.000 n yidulaṛen i IRI i wakk-n ad yesnerni ”tenbaḍt tamelhut (bonne gouvernance)” deg tmura n Temrikt Talatinit, am Honduras. NED terna-as daγen i IRI 550.000 n yidulaṛen i wakk-n ad yeqdec akked ”trebbaε n uxemmem” (”think tanks”) ed ”trebbaε n weḥṛas” deg Honduras i wakk-n ad d-yerbeḥ s idis n Marikan ikabaren isertiyen n tmurt-a, yerna NED yenna-d ”IRI ad iεawen ikabaren-a deg ussefεel n leṛyuy-nsen deg lḥemlat n 2009. IRI ad yekf azal ameqran i Honduras ara yessefrayen ad teg tifranin n tselwit (présidence) ed tefranin tiwamniyin (parlementaires) deg Nwembeṛ 2009”. Ay-a yesskanay-d s ttbut amek ay ggaren Yiwunak Yeddukklen iman-nsen deg tsertit n daxel n Honduras.

U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), seg tama-nnes, tettakf-d yak aseggas 49 n yimelyunen n yidulaṛen i Honduras, yerna amur ameqran seg yedrimen-a ttuwehhan i wahilen (programmes) n ”wesnerni n tugdut”. Amur ameqran seg wid yettaṭṭafen idrimen-a d tuddsiwin (organisations) tihondurasiyin ay yettekkan deg tuttya-nni taserdasit (coup d’Etat), am tin n Consejo Nacional Anticorrupcion, Abesku ameqran (archevêque) n Tegucigalpa, Aseqqamu Ahondurasi n Teṛmisin tusligin [Entreprises Privées] (COHEP), Aseqqamu n Yemγaren (doyens) n Tesdawit, Takunfidiṛalit n Yiqeddacen Ihondurasiyen (CTH), Anmager n Wemtawa Aγelnaw (Forum de Convergence Nationale), Taxxamt n Tnezzut [ttjaṛa] (FEDECAMARA), Tiddukla n Yimidyaten Usligen (médias privés) (AMC), Tarbaεt n Paz y Democracia akked terbaεt n yinelmaden Generacion X Cambio. Idrimen-a yettakf-iten IRI i trebbaεt d aεiwen, am wakk-n daγen ay ten-yettṣ̣errif i lmend n ussileγ n yemḍebbren-nsent, yerna yettεawan-itent daγen s tukci n ttawilat, anṣ̣aḥ ama deg wenrar n leqdic neγ deg win n teγwalt (communication) akked ussejhed n yikabaren isertiyen. Tirebbaε-a gant-d yiwet n temsisit (coalition) ay isemman i yiman-nnes ”Union Civica Democratica de Honduras” (Tadukli Taγarimt [civique] n Tugdut n Honduras), yerna tadukli-a teqbel s lejheṛ tuttya-nni taserdasit ay yesseγlin aselway Zelaya.

Tamarut (secrétaire) n tγemsa n IRI, Lisa Gates, mi tt-id-sseqsan γef dduṛ n IRI deg Honduras, tenna-d wi d ”isalan n tkellax”. D acu kan, llant aṭas n tγawsiwin ay d-yesskanayen yella wassaγ (lien) gar IRI (ay yeqqnen γer Ukabar Agdudan [Parti Républicain] amarikani) ed tuttya taserdasit mgal n uselway Zelaya, am wakk-n idrimen-nni ay as-yettunekfen i IRI aseggas-a (ugar n umelyun n yidulaṛen) ad ilin ttusqedcen i lmend n tuttya-a. Sennig n leqdic ay itteg IRI deg wenrar, deg Honduras, s wahilen-nnes n ”tenbaḍt tamelhut” (bonne gouvernance) ed ”tezrirt tasertit” (influence politique), Alex Sutton, aselway n wahil awaẓi (programme régional) n IRI deg Temrikt Talatinit ed Kaṛayib, yemlal ed waṭas n tuddsiwin deg tmura n tama-a ay yeddan d tuttya taserdasit ay d-yellan deg Honduras. Sutton yessawel-d deg yiwen n usarag n 3 wussan ay tga CEDICE (Centro para la Divulgacion de Conocimiento Economico), d yiwet n terbaεt takenmagaẓt (ultraconservatrice) ay yeddren s yedrimen n Yiwunak Yeddukklen. Anemhal n CEDICE, Rocio Guijarra, yella d yiwen seg yemḍebbren imeqranen deg tuttya-nni taserdasit n 2002 mgal n uselway Hugo Chavez, yerna d Guijarra ay yestenyan tanaḍt-nni (décret) ay d-yesbedden tasnaraft (dictature) deg tmurt, yerna d ay-nni ay yejjan aγref ed yiγallen n yiserdasen ay yebγan ad d-rren lḥeṛma i tmurt-nsen. Asarag ay deg yettekka Sutton (yella-d gar 28 ed 29 Mayyu deg Venezuela), ḥedṛen deg-s yemḍebbren n umussu (mouvement) akenmagaẓ n Temrikt Talatinit, gar-asen Jorge Quiroga, aselway aqbur n Bolivia, ay d-yegren tiγri acḥal d tikkelt i lmend n usseγli n uselway n Bolivia, Evo Morales, am wakk-n ay yeḥdeṛ Mario Vargas Llosa ed memmi-s Alvaro, seg Peru, yerna deg sin yid-sen nnan-d qeblen tukksa n Zelaya seg udabu deg Honduras, yerna llan daγen deg-in aṭas seg yemḍebbren n tenmegla (opposition) tavenezuelit, amur ameqran deg-sen ttwassnen s uttekki-nsen deg tuttya taserdasit n 2002 ed leqdicat n ussenker n ccwal ay d-iḍefren tadyant-nni deg Venezuela. Amur ameqran seg wid ay yellan deg usarag n CEDICE, deg Mayyu 2009, sseknen-d s lejheṛ tadhelt-nsen (soutien) i tuttya ay yesseγlin aselway Zelaya.

Maca anza (preuve) ameqran ay d-yesskanayen attekki n IRI deg tuttya n Honduras netta d yiwet n teẓrawant (vidéo) ay d-yersen deg udeg n Usudu-a (Institut) deg wassaγ-a : http://www.iri.org/multimedia.asp. Taẓrawit-a tesskanay-d yiwet n teskant ay d-tga Susan Zelaya-Fenner, ay iqeddcen d tamalalt (assistante) deg wahilen n IRI, deg 20 Meγres 2009, yerna tessawal-d deg-s γef wahil n ”tenbaḍt tamelhut” (bonne gouvernance) deg Honduras. Zelaya-Fenner tenna-d, deg tezwara n teskant-nnes tettwali ”llant snat n tγawsiwin ay d-ijebbden lwelha deg Honduras”. Tamezwarut, ”Honduras ur as-yettunekf wazal ameqran deg tama-a tamecṭuḥt. Kra n medden nnan-d tuttyiwin tiserdasiyin ay d-yellan deg Honduras ggtent ugar n yiseggasen ay tedder tmurt-a deg uzarug (indépendance). D acu kan, tagara-a, tamurt-a ttwalin-tt kra d tigejdit n werkad deg tama-a, yerna llan ula d wid ay as-isemman U.S.S. Honduras, imi ay tessaweḍ ad tessinef i wakk tilufa ay iḥuzan ljiran-nnes deg yemgura iγarimen (guerres civils) ay inekren deg-sen deg yiseggasen n 1980”.

Yessekf ad d-nger tamawt, ay-n d-teqsed Zelaya-Fenner s ”U.S.S. Honduras” akked ”tessaweḍ ad tessinef i wakk tilufa ay iḥuzan ljiran-nnes deg yemgura iγarimen (guerres civils) ay inekren deg-sen deg yiseggasen n 1980” netta deg tidet, d asseqdec-nni ay sqedcen Yiwunak Yeddukklen, CIA ed Pentagon tamurt-a i wakk-n aznen seg-s wid ara icewwlen timura ay tt-id-isuman. Deg tallit-nni, anmahal (ambassadeur) John Negroponte ed weknaner (colonel) Oliver North sleγman, kfan idrimen yerna swejden-d lecγal imsellḥen ay llan ttgent-ten trebbaε n tmattant i lmend n tmenγiwt, aεetteb, aḥqar, tukerḍa ed yemdanen, yerna d igiman (luluf) n yifellaḥen ed yemdanen ay deg ”cikken” qeddcen deg yemzelmaḍen (gauchistes) ay γef ssukken akk anect-a deg Nicaragua, Salvador, Guatemala ed Honduras.

Zelaya-Fenner terna-d : ”S way-a, Honduras teqqel, tagara-a, d tamurt irekden, d acu kan, mazal-itt d tigellilt, anamek-nnes (lmeεna-nnes), attan seddaw n uṛadaṛ, yerna timura niḍen ur d-rrint lwelha-nsent γer-s. Aselway-nnes ass-a, Manuel Zelaya, akked yimeddukkal-nnes, imzelmaḍen (gauchistes) n Temrikt Talatinit, snekren-d aṭas n ccwal, tagara-a, deg tmurt-a. Zelaya d win yebγan ad iεaned Hugo Chavez deg tegrawla-nnes timettit (révolution sociale). Zelaya yekka amur ameqran seg tallit n tselwit-nnes (présidence) iεerreḍ ad yesseqneε Ihondurasiyen i wakk-n ad ḍefren abrid n Venezuela, deg lweqt ay deg nitni bγan ay-n inefεen taswiεt-a yerna la ttmalen ugar γer ”tlemmast”. Zelaya, ay imalen γer uzelmaḍ, la irennu kan yessemγar ccwal yellan yagi deg tmurt-a. Aggufsu (corruption) simal irennu, tinnγi (criminalité) werjin tennerna akk-n tella ass-a. Assetti n tehyufin (trafic de drogue) ed tekriḍt-nnes (violence) bdan la ttawḍen ula γer Miksik, yerna la nettḥulfu s tidet ccwal ay yellan deg tmurt-a, seg sdaxel ay as-d-yekka, yerna ay-a d amaynut deg umezruy n tgara-a deg Honduras. Naqal nella nettxemmim tuttyiwin tiserdasiyin (coups d’Etat) tlatinn n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ay fukent, maca ahat, zemrent ad d-qqlent ass-a (dγa ḍsan-d wid-nni yellan deg-in)”.

D tidet tenna-d ay-a ? Ih, d tidet, yerna tzemrem ad t-teslem s timmad-nwen deg teẓrawit-nni (vidéo). Ihi nezmer ad nxemmem tuttya-a taserdasit ay yettin aselway Zelaya s zzheṛ kan ay d-tella tlata n wayyuren sdeffir ma tga-d Zelaya-Ferrer taskant-nnes ? Imḍebbren n weγlif n tγawsiwin n beṛṛa n Yiwunak Yeddukklen steεṛfen llan εelmen s ussewjed n tuttya-a acḥal n wayyuren ay-a. Adumaru n Uwanak (sous-secrétaire d’Etat), Thomas Shannon, yerza γef Honduras qbel ad d-tili tuttya-nni, yerna ad yili, ahat, yemsewwaq ed kra seg wid-nni ara d-yettheyyin tuttya i wakk-n ad εerḍen ad d-afen ”tifrat” niḍen i ”wugur”. D acu kan, Iwunak Yeddukklen kemmel ttakfen idrimen s webrid n NED ed USAID i trebbaε-nni ed yiserdasen ay yettekkan deg tuttya-nni. Washington ur teqbil tadukli n Zelaya akked kra n yemḍebbren n tama-a, ladγa tadukli-nnes ed Venezuela akked Nicaragua, yerna ay-a ur yelli d ay-n yeffren. Nnig way-a, ẓran medden aselway Zelaya yella itteddu i wakk-n ad yessuffeγ iserdasen imarikaniyen seg usadur agnawi (base aérienne) n Soto Cano, imi ay yesseqdec idrimen ay as-d-tekfa ALBA (Tamsisit [Alliance] Tabolivarit n Temrikin, ay deg ttekkant Bolivia, Cuba, Ecuador, Dominica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Saint Kitts ed Nevis, Antigua ed Barbuda akked Venezuela), i wakk-n ad yerr asadur-nni d anafag aγarim (aéroport civil). Yuγ lḥal, asadur Soto Cano yesεa azal ameqran γer Pentagon.

Zelaya-Fenner, ay iqeddcen deg IRI, tessefhem-d azal ay tesεa Honduras deg teskant-nnes: ”Ayγer ay tesεa Honduras azal d ameqran ? Aṭas n medden ay d-yesseqsayen tuttra-a, gar-asen llan ula d imezrayen (historiens) ed yimazzayen (experts) ihondurasiyen. Kra ttinin-d tamurt-a ur tesεi azal ameqran, yerna, s umata, yezmer ad yili yewεeṛ i wakk-n ad ten-nesseqneε. D acu kan, tamurt-a tezmer ad turar dduṛ d ameqran deg werkad n tama-a, yerna aseggas-a ad d-ilint tefranin deg Honduras. Ihi, ta d tagnit iwutan i wakk-n ad nεawen imegda (démocrates) [n tmurt-a] deg lweqt ay deg llan wid ara yekkaten i wakk-n ad hudden tugdut deg tama-a”.

Ur yelli ccek, tuttya taserdasit ay yesseγlin aselway Zelaya d tin ay yes bγan Yimarikaniyen ad cewwlen inabaḍen (lḥukumat) n tmura n tama-a ara iqeddce n i wakk-n ad d-sbedden inagrawen (systèmes) niḍen deg wemkan n temsihrit (capitalisme). Yuγ lḥal, inagrawen-a n tugdut (démocratie) ay deg ara yettekki weγref (cceεb) ur ddin ed tmuγliwin n Yiwunak Yeddukklen. Timura am Venezuela, Bolivia ed Ecuador uwyent-d yiwen n webrid irebḥen deg bennu n tugdut ay deg ara yettekki weγref, d abrid ara iḍemnen tagadda tudmist (égalité économique) ed teγdemt timettit (justice sociale), yerna ad yessezwer nnfeε n weγref γef win n leswaq. D ti ay d tarbaεt n tmura ay deg tettekka Honduras, yerna ula d nitenti iwet-itent uεekkaz n NED, USAID, IRI ed tnegga (agences) niḍen ara yeggaren iman-nsent deg tγawsiwin-nsent n daxel i wakk-n ad rwint tugdut-nsen ara yettnernin.

Sγur Eva Golinger

Tasuqilt sγur Omar Mouffok

Taγbalut (source): http://www.tlaxcala.es/pp.asp?lg=en&reference=8086

Γer daγen:

Honduras: Billy Joya d aneṣ̣ṣ̣aḥ amaynut n uselway n tuttya taserdasit

Honduras: abeddel n Zelaya

Honduras: asadur aserdasi n Soto Cano

Rzu daγen γef: Taskint n Tlaxcala